Abstract—This paper investigates briefly the different 3D printing systems in construction, their benefits and challenges associated with their use in construction projects. The use of 3D printing technology offers several advantages over the traditional methods. However, additional challenges and risks are faced due to the introduction of this new technology in construction projects. A literature review was performed to identify the benefits of 3D printing. Five key benefits were identified: faster construction, cost reduction, more geometric freedom, sustainability and safety benefits. Eleven challenges were identified and grouped into four categories: material, robot system, design and construction, and regulation and liability. 3D printing is a promising new technology with several key benefits. However, the widespread adoption of the new technology is dependent on addressing its key challenges.