Abstract—In order to study the emergency evacuation effect of old dormitory buildings in colleges and universities, an old dormitory building of a large university is taken as an example, the Pathfinder software platform is used to set parameters of the building and occupants, and many evacuation simulations of the university dormitory building are carried out. Six different scenes are simulated through designing and adjusting pre-evacuation time, safe exit setting and occupant distribution. The results show that pre-evacuation time, safe exit setting and occupant distribution will have a significant impact on the total evacuation time. Finally, it is concluded that the administrator center of college dormitory should strengthen the management of security export settings of dormitories and ensure that all safe exits are opened and strengthen the emergency drill and train for dormitory residents. And reasonable occupant distribution should be taken seriously in order to improve the emergency evacuation efficiency of the old dormitory buildings in colleges effectively. The specific theoretical and practical implications will also lead emergency administrators to pay more attention to security settings and management behavior in order to improve evacuation efficiency.