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Parametric Study of Heating and Cooling Energy Demand of Residential Buildings in Bhutan

Tshewang Lhendup 1, Hideaki Ohgaki 2, Pravakar Pradhan 1, and Tandin Wangchuk 1
1. Royal University of Bhutan, Rinchending, Bhutan
2. Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan

Abstract—A parametric study of heating and cooling energy demand of residential buildings in Bhutan has been carried out to determine baseline heating and cooling energy demand and ascertain the degree of influence of building orientation and infiltration on energy demand. Two typical residential buildings in Bhutan were modelled in TRNSYS using Type 56. The calibrated models were used to estimate heating and cooling energy demand in two different locations using measured weather data. The estimated annual heating energy is 35 GJh, which is equivalent to 589 MJ/m2 of conditioned floor area for Bldg-A and 29 GJh equivalent to 389 MJ/m2 for Bldg-B. The annual cooling energy for Bldg-A is 23 GJr equivalent to 376 MJ/m2 of conditioned floor area and 29 GJr equivalent to 380 MJ/m2 for Bldg-B. From the parametric analysis, it was observed that by properly orienting the building, it can achieve up to 27% and 25% savings in heating and cooling energy respectively. For every 0.5ACH infiltration reduction can result in 15% and 5% reduction in heating and cooling demand respectively. It was also observed significant energy savings can be achieved by decreasing and increasing heating and cooling thermostat respectively. 

Index Terms— Heating, cooling, energy demand, TRNSYS, Bhutan, residential building

Cite: Tshewang Lhendup, Hideaki Ohgaki, Pravakar Pradhan, and Tandin Wangchuk, "Parametric Study of Heating and Cooling Energy Demand of Residential Buildings in Bhutan," International Journal of Structural and Civil Engineering Research, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 314-320, November 2019. doi: 10.18178/ijscer.8.4.314-320